{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Screen Routines\n",
"\n",
"Subroutines to make an 78 x 25 character screen.\n",
"\n",
"* R7 is return value\n",
"* R6 is top of stack\n",
"* Subroutine (callee) handles saving/loading of return values and registers\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 27,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
".ORIG x4000\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" ;; Graphics Routines\n",
" ;; 78 x 25 (25th for special status)\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" ;; SETUP \n",
" ;; RESERVED: R6 for stack\n",
" ;; R7 for RET value\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" LEA R6, STACK ;; R6 is Top of STACK\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" LEA R0, START ;; GOTO START\n",
" JMP R0 ;; Keep STACK close to reference\n",
"STACK: .BLKW #100 ;; adjust size for your use\n",
"START: JSR DRAWSCREEN ;; start of actual program\n",
" HALT\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; Start of Subroutinues:\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; DRAWSCREEN - draw a 80 x 25 screen\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"DRAWSCREEN: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack\n",
" ;;JSR SAVE_REGS\n",
" ;;; ---\n",
" LD R1, OUTPUT1 ;; read OUTPUTS\n",
" LD R2, OUTPUT2 ;; read OUTPUTC\n",
" STR R1, R2, #0 ;; save R1 to R2\n",
" JSR BORDER ;; draw top border\n",
" AND R2, R2, #0 ;; row count is in R2\n",
"ROW: JSR SCREENROW\n",
" ADD R2, R2, #+1\n",
" LD R3, NEGTWENTYFIVE ;; -25\n",
" ADD R3, R2, R3\n",
" BRn ROW\n",
" JSR BORDER\n",
" AND R0, R0, #0 ;; terminating \\0\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" LD R0, OUTPUT1 ;; read OUTPUTS\n",
" ;;PUTS\n",
" ;;; ---\n",
" ;;JSR RESTORE_REGS\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"OUTPUT1: .FILL OUTPUTS ;; store OUTPUTS close\n",
"OUTPUT2: .FILL OUTPUTC ;; store OUTPUTC close\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; SCREENROW - draws memory row part of screen\n",
";; - assumes R2 has row count (25, 0)\n",
";; - uses R0\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"SCREENROW: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack\n",
" ;; stuff here\n",
" LD R0, BAR\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ;; screen row memory is in R2 (initially zero)\n",
" ;; multiply row x 78 to get next\n",
" LD R3, SWIDTH\n",
" JSR MULTIPLY ;; R2 x R3 -> R4\n",
" ;; R4 is now where to start in SCREEN\n",
" ;; start in SCREEN + R4\n",
" ;; show each word, for SWIDTH times\n",
" ADD R5, R3, #0 ;; copy for countdown\n",
" LEA R3, SCREEN ;; start of memory\n",
" ADD R3, R3, R4 ;; R3 (screen) + R4 (mult)\n",
" LD R1, THIRTYTWO ;; ASCII space; maps 0 to ...\n",
"SRAGAIN: LDR R0, R3, #0\n",
" ADD R0, R0, R1 \n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ADD R3, R3, #1\n",
" ADD R5, R5, #-1\n",
" BRp SRAGAIN\n",
" LD R0, BAR\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" LD R0, NEWLINE\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ;; end here\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"THIRTYTWO: .FILL #32\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; BORDER - draw top/bottom border\n",
";; - uses R0, R1\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"BORDER: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack\n",
" LD R0, PLUS\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" AND R1, R1, #0 ;; counter\n",
" LD R1, SWIDTH\n",
" LD R0, DASH\n",
"SAGAIN: JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ADD R1, R1, #-1\n",
" BRp SAGAIN\n",
" LD R0, PLUS\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" LD R0, NEWLINE\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; MULTIPLY - multiplies R2 x R3 -> R4\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"MULTIPLY: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack \n",
" ;; ---\n",
" AND R4, R4, #0 ;; total\n",
" AND R5, R5, #0 ;; counter\n",
" ADD R5, R5, R2 ;; set condition codes; R5 is copy of R2\n",
"MAGAIN: BRz DONE ;; if R5 == 0, done\n",
" ADD R4, R4, R3 ;; \n",
" ADD R5, R5, #-1 ;; set condition codes\n",
" BR MAGAIN\n",
" ;; --- result is in R4\n",
"DONE: ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; OUTPUT - copy R0 to OUTPUTC (current output)\n",
";; - assumes char in R0\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"OUTPUT: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack \n",
" ;;JSR SAVE_REGS\n",
" ;; ---\n",
" ;;LDI R4, OUTPUT3 ;; Load OUTPUTC (next char pos)\n",
" ;;STR R0, R4, #0 ;; save R0 char to R1 address\n",
" ;;ADD R4, R4, #1 ;; increment R1\n",
" ;;STI R4, OUTPUT3 ;; Save OUTPUTC\n",
" OUT\n",
" ;; --- \n",
" ;;JSR RESTORE_REGS\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"OUTPUT3: .FILL OUTPUTC\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; DATA:\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"SWIDTH .FILL #78 ;; width of screen\n",
"PLUS: .FILL #43 ;; + in ASCII\n",
"DASH: .FILL #45 ;; - in ASCII\n",
"BAR: .FILL #124 ;; | in ASCII\n",
"NEWLINE: .FILL #10 ;; NEWLINE in ASCII\n",
"NEGTWENTYFIVE: .FILL #-25\n",
"SCREEN: .BLKW #1950 ;; 78 x 25\n",
"OUTPUTC: .FILL #0\n",
"OUTPUTS: .BLKW #1975 ;; 79 x 25\n",
".END"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Screen Display\n",
"\n",
"This uses a zero-based display screen where 0 is interpreted to be 0 + 32 = x20 (space in ASCII). See ASCII chart for more characters (0 through 94 are mapped to ASCII 32 through 126). Why? Because no need to attempt to display ASCII 0 through 31, which are control codes)."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 30,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"============================================================\n",
"Memory disassembled:\n",
"============================================================\n",
" x40EA: x0011 - 17 (or 17)\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"%mem x40EA x11"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 31,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"============================================================\n",
"Memory disassembled:\n",
"============================================================\n",
" x40EB: x0012 - 18 (or 18)\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"%mem x40EB x12"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 32,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"============================================================\n",
"Memory disassembled:\n",
"============================================================\n",
" x4138: x0013 - 19 (or 19)\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"%mem x4138 x13"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 33,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n",
"| 12 |\n",
"| 3 |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"| |\n",
"+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n",
"\u0000============================================================\n",
"Computation completed\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Instructions: 40446\n",
"Cycles: 315249 (0.157625 milliseconds)\n",
"\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Registers:\n",
"============================================================\n",
"PC: x048E\n",
"N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
"R0: x485F R1: x0000 R2: x0019 R3: x0000 \n",
"R4: x0750 R5: x0000 R6: x4003 R7: x4069 \n",
"Time: 1.9066553115844727 seconds.\n",
"\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"%%time\n",
"%exe"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 34,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"\n",
"Welcome to the LC-3 simulator.\n",
"\n",
"The contents of the LC-3 tools distribution, including sources, management\n",
"tools, and data, are Copyright (c) 2003 Steven S. Lumetta.\n",
"\n",
"The LC-3 tools distribution is free software covered by the GNU General\n",
"Public License, and you are welcome to modify it and/or distribute copies\n",
"of it under certain conditions. The file COPYING (distributed with the\n",
"tools) specifies those conditions. There is absolutely no warranty for\n",
"the LC-3 tools distribution, as described in the file NO_WARRANTY (also\n",
"distributed with the tools).\n",
"\n",
"Have fun.\n",
"\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Registers:\n",
"============================================================\n",
"PC: x3000\n",
"N: 0 Z: 1 P: 0 \n",
"R0: x0000 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
"R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x0000 \n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"%reset"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 35,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
".ORIG x4000\n",
".SET MODE TERMINAL\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" ;; Graphics Routines\n",
" ;; 78 x 25 (25th for special status)\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" ;; SETUP \n",
" ;; RESERVED: R6 for stack\n",
" ;; R7 for RET value\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" LEA R6, STACK ;; R6 is Top of STACK\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" LEA R0, START ;; GOTO START\n",
" JMP R0 ;; Keep STACK close to reference\n",
"STACK: .BLKW #100 ;; adjust size for your use\n",
"START: JSR DRAWSCREEN ;; start of actual program\n",
" HALT\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; Start of Subroutinues:\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; DRAWSCREEN - draw a 80 x 25 screen\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"DRAWSCREEN: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack\n",
" ;;JSR SAVE_REGS\n",
" ;;; ---\n",
" LD R1, OUTPUT1 ;; read OUTPUTS\n",
" LD R2, OUTPUT2 ;; read OUTPUTC\n",
" STR R1, R2, #0 ;; save R1 to R2\n",
" JSR BORDER ;; draw top border\n",
" AND R2, R2, #0 ;; row count is in R2\n",
"ROW: JSR SCREENROW\n",
" ADD R2, R2, #+1\n",
" LD R3, NEGTWENTYFIVE ;; -25\n",
" ADD R3, R2, R3\n",
" BRn ROW\n",
" JSR BORDER\n",
" AND R0, R0, #0 ;; terminating \\0\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" LD R0, OUTPUT1 ;; read OUTPUTS\n",
" ;;PUTS\n",
" TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
" TERMINAL R0, 1\n",
" ;;; ---\n",
" ;;JSR RESTORE_REGS\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"OUTPUT1: .FILL OUTPUTS ;; store OUTPUTS close\n",
"OUTPUT2: .FILL OUTPUTC ;; store OUTPUTC close\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; SCREENROW - draws memory row part of screen\n",
";; - assumes R2 has row count (25, 0)\n",
";; - uses R0\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"SCREENROW: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack\n",
" ;; stuff here\n",
" LD R0, BAR\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ;; screen row memory is in R2 (initially zero)\n",
" ;; multiply row x 78 to get next\n",
" LD R3, SWIDTH\n",
" JSR MULTIPLY ;; R2 x R3 -> R4\n",
" ;; R4 is now where to start in SCREEN\n",
" ;; start in SCREEN + R4\n",
" ;; show each word, for SWIDTH times\n",
" ADD R5, R3, #0 ;; copy for countdown\n",
" LEA R3, SCREEN ;; start of memory\n",
" ADD R3, R3, R4 ;; R3 (screen) + R4 (mult)\n",
" LD R1, THIRTYTWO ;; ASCII space; maps 0 to ...\n",
"SRAGAIN: LDR R0, R3, #0\n",
" ADD R0, R0, R1 \n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ADD R3, R3, #1\n",
" ADD R5, R5, #-1\n",
" BRp SRAGAIN\n",
" LD R0, BAR\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" LD R0, NEWLINE\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ;; end here\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"THIRTYTWO: .FILL #32\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; BORDER - draw top/bottom border\n",
";; - uses R0, R1\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"BORDER: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack\n",
" LD R0, PLUS\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" AND R1, R1, #0 ;; counter\n",
" LD R1, SWIDTH\n",
" LD R0, DASH\n",
"SAGAIN: JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ADD R1, R1, #-1\n",
" BRp SAGAIN\n",
" LD R0, PLUS\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" LD R0, NEWLINE\n",
" JSR OUTPUT\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; MULTIPLY - multiplies R2 x R3 -> R4\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"MULTIPLY: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack \n",
" ;; ---\n",
" AND R4, R4, #0 ;; total\n",
" AND R5, R5, #0 ;; counter\n",
" ADD R5, R5, R2 ;; set condition codes; R5 is copy of R2\n",
"MAGAIN: BRz DONE ;; if R5 == 0, done\n",
" ADD R4, R4, R3 ;; \n",
" ADD R5, R5, #-1 ;; set condition codes\n",
" BR MAGAIN\n",
" ;; --- result is in R4\n",
"DONE: ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; OUTPUT - copy R0 to OUTPUTC (current output)\n",
";; - assumes char in R0\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"OUTPUT: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack \n",
" ;; ---\n",
" LDI R4, OUTPUT3 ;; Load OUTPUTC (next char pos)\n",
" STR R0, R4, #0 ;; save R0 char to R1 address\n",
" ADD R4, R4, #1 ;; increment R1\n",
" STI R4, OUTPUT3 ;; Save OUTPUTC\n",
" ;;OUT\n",
" ;; --- \n",
" ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"OUTPUT3: .FILL OUTPUTC\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; DATA:\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"SWIDTH .FILL #78 ;; width of screen\n",
"PLUS: .FILL #43 ;; + in ASCII\n",
"DASH: .FILL #45 ;; - in ASCII\n",
"BAR: .FILL #124 ;; | in ASCII\n",
"NEWLINE: .FILL #10 ;; NEWLINE in ASCII\n",
"NEGTWENTYFIVE: .FILL #-25\n",
"SCREEN: .BLKW #1950 ;; 78 x 25\n",
"OUTPUTC: .FILL #0\n",
"OUTPUTS: .BLKW #1975 ;; 79 x 25\n",
".END"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 36,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
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"============================================================\n",
"Computation completed\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Instructions: 33884\n",
"Cycles: 262759 (0.131380 milliseconds)\n",
"\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Registers:\n",
"============================================================\n",
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"Time: 0.4796028137207031 seconds.\n",
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]
}
],
"source": [
"%%time\n",
"%exe"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 9,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"============================================================\n",
"Computation completed\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Instructions: 33884\n",
"Cycles: 262759 (0.131380 milliseconds)\n",
"\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Registers:\n",
"============================================================\n",
"PC: x048E\n",
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]
}
],
"source": [
"%%time\n",
"%exe"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 10,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
".ORIG x5000\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" LEA R6, STACK ;; R6 is Top of STACK\n",
" ;; ------------------------------------------------\n",
" LEA R0, START ;; GOTO START\n",
" JMP R0 ;; Keep STACK close to reference\n",
"STACK: .BLKW #100 ;; adjust size for your use\n",
"START: LD R2, FIVE\n",
" LD R3, SIX\n",
" JSR MULTIPLY\n",
" HALT\n",
"FIVE: .FILL #5\n",
"SIX: .FILL #6\n",
"\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
";; MULTIPLY - multiplies R2 x R3 -> R4\n",
";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;\n",
"MULTIPLY: STR R7, R6, #0 ;; Save R7 to Stack\n",
" ADD R6, R6, #1 ;; Increment Stack \n",
" ;;JSR SAVE_REGS\n",
" ;; ---\n",
" AND R4, R4, #0 ;; total\n",
" AND R5, R5, #0 ;; counter\n",
" ADD R5, R5, R2 ;; set condition codes; R5 is copy of R2\n",
"MAGAIN: BRz DONE ;; if R5 == 0, done\n",
" ADD R4, R4, R3 ;; \n",
" ADD R5, R5, #-1 ;; set condition codes\n",
" BR MAGAIN\n",
" ;; --- result is in R4\n",
" ;;JSR RESTORE_REGS\n",
"DONE: ADD R6, R6, #-1 ;; Decrement Stack\n",
" LDR R7, R6, #0 ;; Load Stack into R7\n",
" RET \n",
"\n",
".END"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"============================================================\n",
"Computation completed\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Instructions: 36\n",
"Cycles: 235 (0.000117 milliseconds)\n",
"\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Registers:\n",
"============================================================\n",
"PC: x048E\n",
"N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
"R0: x5067 R1: x0000 R2: x0005 R3: x0006 \n",
"R4: x001E R5: x0000 R6: x5003 R7: x506B \n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"%exe"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 12,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": false
},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"\n",
"Welcome to the LC-3 simulator.\n",
"\n",
"The contents of the LC-3 tools distribution, including sources, management\n",
"tools, and data, are Copyright (c) 2003 Steven S. Lumetta.\n",
"\n",
"The LC-3 tools distribution is free software covered by the GNU General\n",
"Public License, and you are welcome to modify it and/or distribute copies\n",
"of it under certain conditions. The file COPYING (distributed with the\n",
"tools) specifies those conditions. There is absolutely no warranty for\n",
"the LC-3 tools distribution, as described in the file NO_WARRANTY (also\n",
"distributed with the tools).\n",
"\n",
"Have fun.\n",
"\n",
"============================================================\n",
"Registers:\n",
"============================================================\n",
"PC: x3000\n",
"N: 0 Z: 1 P: 0 \n",
"R0: x0000 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
"R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x0000 \n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"%reset"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"metadata": {
"collapsed": true
},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
}
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Calysto LC3",
"language": "gas",
"name": "calysto_lc3"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "gas",
"version": 3
},
"file_extension": ".asm",
"mimetype": "text/x-gas",
"name": "gas"
}
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 0
}